
Pre-reading Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- How do people guess an animal’s feelings without using words?
- What animal sounds are familiar to you, and how do they make you feel?
Vocabulary:
I will read the words, meanings, and sample sentences. Then, repeat after me.
- unusual /uhn-YOO-zhoo-uhl/
[adjective] – not common or not normal
It was unusual to see snow in the city during spring. - conduct /kon-DUHKT/
[verb] – to organize and carry out an activity
The school will conduct a safety drill next week. - airflow /AIR-floh/
[noun] – the movement of air
Good airflow is important in a small room. - tissue /TISH-oo/
[noun] – a group of cells in the body with a special job
Muscle tissue helps the body move. - vibrate /VAHY-breyt/
[verb] – to move back and forth very quickly
The phone began to vibrate during the meeting.
Article Reading:
Please read the whole article. Then, I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
A scientific study published in 2024 has explained how horses produce their well-known whinny, a loud call used in social situations. The research found that horses can create both low and high sounds at the same time, which is unusual for large animals. The study was conducted by an international research team based in European animal biology centers. Scientists focused on this topic because horse vocal sounds play an important role in social behavior, including greeting other horses and showing excitement.
To understand how the sound is made, researchers used several modern techniques. These included placing small cameras inside the nasal passages, using detailed medical scans, and testing airflow through preserved horse voice boxes. The results showed that two sound systems work together during a whinny. The low sound comes from tissues in the voice box that vibrate when air passes through. The high sound is produced when air moves through a small opening above the tissues, creating a whistle-like effect. Researchers noted that horses are the largest mammals known to produce a whistle inside the voice box. This ability may allow horses to communicate more detailed information during social interaction. The findings also raise questions about how this vocal skill developed and its possible role in both wild and domesticated horses.
To understand how the sound is made, researchers used several modern techniques. These included placing small cameras inside the nasal passages, using detailed medical scans, and testing airflow through preserved horse voice boxes. The results showed that two sound systems work together during a whinny. The low sound comes from tissues in the voice box that vibrate when air passes through. The high sound is produced when air moves through a small opening above the tissues, creating a whistle-like effect. Researchers noted that horses are the largest mammals known to produce a whistle inside the voice box. This ability may allow horses to communicate more detailed information during social interaction. The findings also raise questions about how this vocal skill developed and its possible role in both wild and domesticated horses.
Comprehension Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them based on the article.
- What is a whinny used for in social situations?
- What is unusual about the sounds horses can produce?
- Why did scientists focus on horse vocal sounds?
- What modern tools did researchers place inside the nasal passages?
- What happens to tissues in the voice box to create the low sound?
Discussion Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- Have you ever seen a horse at a farm, park, or zoo? If so, what was the horse doing at that time? If not, what do you want to know about horses?
- Have you ever thought about how animals use their voice to communicate? If yes, what animal did you think about? If not, what animal voice do you want to learn about?
- Do you agree that studying animal sounds helps people understand animals better?
- What might happen if animals could not make sounds?
- Why do you think scientists study animal sounds like horse whinnies?