Research into using pig organs for human transplants is progressing rapidly as a potential solution to the critical organ shortage. At a research facility in the Blue Ridge mountains, pigs are genetically modified and raised with strict safety measures to avoid infections that could harm transplant recipients. Revivicor Inc., a biotech company, has created these “designer pigs” with specific genetic changes, making their organs more likely to be accepted by the human body. In recent years, the first pig-to-human transplants were conducted in the U.S., using hearts and kidneys from these modified pigs. Although the patients involved did not survive long, the experiments provided valuable data to improve the process. Researchers are now looking for results from studies on baboons and human cadavers, hoping to gain approval from the FDA for larger clinical trials.

Creating these pigs involves advanced gene editing. Scientists remove certain pig genes that could cause immune reactions in humans and add human genes to lower the risk of organ rejection. At United Therapeutics’ $75 million facility, pigs are raised in ultra-clean conditions with advanced filtration systems and strict biosecurity measures to prevent pathogens. Experts believe that if trials succeed, such facilities could eventually produce thousands of pig organs each year, offering a new way to meet the growing demand for transplants. Researchers are hopeful, as recent studies show little immediate rejection, suggesting a positive future for xenotransplantation.