In 2022, scientists explored Peru’s Amazon in the Alto Mayo region and found 27 new species, including an amphibious mouse with webbed feet that eats aquatic insects. Other discoveries included a spiny mouse, a small squirrel, various fish, amphibians, and butterflies. Alto Mayo is a protected area with diverse ecosystems, Indigenous lands, and villages. The team, made up of 13 scientists, local technicians, and Indigenous members, used tools like camera traps, bioacoustic sensors, and DNA analysis to identify species. Notable finds included a spiny mouse with stiff fur, a dwarf squirrel just 14 cm long, and an armored catfish with a blob-like head. They also identified 48 species that might be new, pending further research. These discoveries show how vital it is to protect areas like Alto Mayo, where species face threats from human activities. Trond Larsen of Conservation International emphasized the need for urgent conservation. Despite challenges, the region remains rich in biodiversity. The knowledge of the Awajun people, who live there, was crucial for the study. The findings highlight the area’s potential for conservation and the importance of preserving its ecosystems.