Colossal Biosciences, a biotechnology company, is working on a project to bring back characteristics of extinct animals through genetic engineering. The company has been studying ancient DNA since 2021, focusing on identifying key traits of species like the woolly mammoth and the dodo bird. Recently, scientists at Colossal announced that they successfully edited seven genes in mouse embryos to create mice with thick, woolly fur. The experiment was conducted to understand genetic traits related to cold resistance, a feature crucial for the survival of woolly mammoths in Arctic environments. Although results were made available online, they have yet to undergo peer review in a scientific journal. The company’s research aims to apply this method to Asian elephants, the closest living relatives of woolly mammoths. However, since Asian elephants are an endangered species, strict regulations and ethical considerations must be addressed before any genetic modifications are attempted on them.

The advancement of genetic engineering has raised discussions among scientists regarding its potential benefits and ethical implications. Some experts argue that modifying living species does not truly resurrect extinct animals but rather alters existing ones. Others believe that such techniques could offer valuable applications in conservation efforts, animal agriculture, and even medicine. Scientists emphasize that technologies like CRISPR have significantly improved genetic research, allowing for precise modifications in a more efficient manner. Colossal’s work has attracted major funding, exceeding $400 million, demonstrating strong interest in this field. Researchers also suggest that similar methods could be used to develop genetic treatments for diseases in humans. Despite skepticism about de-extinction, the ongoing development of gene-editing tools continues to shape the future of biotechnology and its applications in various fields.