The bird flu outbreak, first reported in North America in late 2021, has greatly affected wild bird populations. Since its appearance, over 170 species of North American birds, including ducks, geese, gulls, owls, and eagles, have been infected. The U.S. Agriculture Department confirmed more than 12,000 positive cases. However, experts believe the true number is much higher since many dead birds are never tested. Migratory birds, like geese and eared grebes, have suffered heavy losses, with one outbreak in Utah killing between 15,000 and 25,000 birds. Seabirds, which nest in large groups, have also experienced severe losses. On the other hand, songbirds such as Northern cardinals and blue jays have shown greater resistance due to their tendency to stay in smaller groups.

To help limit the spread, experts have shared some key advice. While bird feeders are not a major risk, backyard chicken owners are advised to remove them to avoid possible contact with infected birds. Regularly cleaning feeders and nesting boxes is also recommended. In an effort to protect endangered species, researchers have started vaccinating California condors. However, this method is impractical for most wild birds. Instead, protecting habitats and reducing environmental threats are seen as better long-term solutions. Encouragingly, recent data shows fewer bald eagle infections, suggesting some may have developed immunity. This was supported by a record number of bald eagles seen migrating through northern Minnesota.