Vocabulary:
I will read the words, meanings, and sample sentences. Then, repeat after me.
- fossilized /FAA-suh-lized/
- trackway /TRAK-wey/
- supercontinent /soo-per-KON-tn-uhnt/
- invaluable /in-VAL-yoo-uh-buhl/
- unprecedented /uhn-PRES-i-den-tid/
[adjective] – having become a fossil over a long period of time
The fossilized leaf was found in a mountain cave.
[noun] – a path or trail left by the movement of an animal, especially in fossil form
The trackway showed where the animal walked across the ground.
[noun] – a very large area of land made up of several continents joined together
Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed millions of years ago.
[adjective] – extremely useful; too valuable to measure
The map is invaluable for finding the oldest animal paths.
[adjective] – never having happened or existed in the past
This is an unprecedented discovery in the study of ancient animals.
Article reading:
Please read the whole article. Then, I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
A group of scientists in Australia discovered the oldest fossil footprints of a reptile-like animal, estimated to be around 350 million years old. The fossil was found near Melbourne on a slab of sandstone and shows long toes and hooked claws. These features suggest that the animal lived completely on land. This discovery is important because it shows that animals may have adapted to life on land faster than previously believed. Earlier fossil footprints from Canada were dated to 318 million years ago. The study, published in Nature, indicates that the creature may have looked like a modern monitor lizard and was about 80 centimeters long. Experts explained that claws are only seen in animals that evolved to survive without water for reproduction, which places this creature in the group known as amniotes. These animals include reptiles, birds, and mammals.
The fossilized trackway provide a detailed sequence of events. According to scientists, one reptile first crossed the area, followed by light rain, which created raindrop marks on the ground. After that, two more reptiles moved in the opposite direction. The ground later hardened and was covered with sediment, preserving the tracks. The area was once part of the supercontinent Gondwana and had a warm, humid climate with large forests. Experts said that fossil footprints are invaluable because they give information not just about the physical structure of animals but also about their behavior. The discovery offers unprecedented insight into the rapid terrestrial adaptation of early vertebrates and enhances the current understanding of evolutionary chronology.
The fossilized trackway provide a detailed sequence of events. According to scientists, one reptile first crossed the area, followed by light rain, which created raindrop marks on the ground. After that, two more reptiles moved in the opposite direction. The ground later hardened and was covered with sediment, preserving the tracks. The area was once part of the supercontinent Gondwana and had a warm, humid climate with large forests. Experts said that fossil footprints are invaluable because they give information not just about the physical structure of animals but also about their behavior. The discovery offers unprecedented insight into the rapid terrestrial adaptation of early vertebrates and enhances the current understanding of evolutionary chronology.
Discussion Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- Have you ever visited a science museum or a place with fossils? If so, what did you find interesting? If not, would you like to go? Why or why not?
- Have you ever learned about dinosaurs or ancient animals at school? If so, what did you learn? If not, what would you like to know?
- Do you agree that fossil footprints can help scientists understand how animals lived long ago?
- Why do you think scientists study footprints instead of just bones?
- Why is it important to know how animals lived on land millions of years ago?
Summarization
Please summarize the whole article using your own words and expressions. You will have one minute to prepare before you answer.
Describe:
Please explain the definition of each word listed below based on your understanding. You can provide example sentences if needed.
- toe
- previously
- creature
- reptile
- structure