In May 2024, a study was published in Science Advances about how early human ancestors used their hands. The research took place in southern Africa and examined fossil hands from two ancient species: Australopithecus sediba, which lived about 2 million years ago, and Homo naledi, which lived around 300,000 years ago. Scientists used 3D scanning to look at the thickness of finger bones. This method shows which fingers were used more often and for what activities. The study found that both species walked on two legs and also used their hands for climbing trees, holding objects, and using tools. These findings question the idea that human hands changed in a simple and direct way over time.

The research showed that each finger had a different thickness, which meant different fingers were used for different jobs. This complexity suggests that early humans used their hands in many ways. The hand bones became thicker where there was more pressure from daily actions. Experts said that fossil hands are rare, and this study gave invaluable information. The use of advanced scanning tools allowed researchers to see small details in the fossils. These results give a more nuanced view of how early humans interacted with their environment and slowly changed their behaviors. The study helps create a more comprehensive picture of human evolution.