In central Israel, archaeologists have uncovered a prehistoric burial site in Tinshemet Cave, believed to be one of the oldest in the world. The site contains well-preserved remains of early humans, dating back around 100,000 years. This discovery, published in Nature Human Behavior in March 2025, offers new evidence about how early humans treated their dead. The skeletons were found in pits, positioned carefully in a burial pose, and were surrounded by items such as basalt stones, animal bones, and ochre pigment. Experts believe these objects were used in ceremonial rituals, possibly to honor the deceased. This supports the theory that early humans had complex beliefs about spirituality and life after death.

Archaeologists have been working at the site since 2016, using precise tools to carefully remove bones and artifacts. Two complete skeletons and several skulls were discovered, along with over 500 fragments of colored ochre. The ash from ancient fires, mixed with local limestone and rainfall, helped preserve these items in exceptional condition. Experts say this level of preservation is rare and important for studying ancient human behavior. The findings are comparable to earlier discoveries in Skhul and Qafzeh Caves in northern Israel but are considered more reliable due to modern excavation methods. The site may also reveal interactions between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens in the region. Researchers believe the burial practices represent a significant transformation in early human society, suggesting the emergence of symbolic thinking and territorial claims.