Archaeologists have found one of the world’s oldest known burial sites in central Israel. The discovery was made in Tinshemet Cave and includes human remains from about 100,000 years ago. The findings were published in Nature Human Behavior in March 2025. The skeletons were carefully placed in burial positions inside pits, along with objects such as basalt stones, animal bones, and pieces of ochre. Experts believe these items were used in rituals to honor the dead. The discovery shows that early humans may have had spiritual beliefs and a sense of life after death.

Work at the site began in 2016. Archaeologists used fine tools to remove the bones and objects without damage. They found two complete skeletons and several skulls, as well as over 500 fragments of colored ochre. The remains were well preserved due to ash from fires, rain, and the type of stone in the area. Experts say this level of preservation is rare and useful for studying ancient behavior. The discovery supports findings from Skhul and Qafzeh Caves in northern Israel but is more reliable because of better research methods. The site also provides clues about contact between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. Researchers say the burial practices show a major change in human culture, including early signs of symbolic thinking and claims over land.