©(AP Photo/Mary Conlon)
Vocabulary:
I will read the words, meanings, and sample sentences. Then, repeat after me.
- biodegradable /bahy-oh-di-GREY-duh-buhl/
- synthetic /sin-THET-ik/
- polyester /POL-ee-es-ter/
- mycelium /mahy-SEE-lee-uhm/
- ubiquitous /yoo-BIK-wi-tuhs/
[adjective] – able to break down naturally and safely in the environment
The restaurant now uses biodegradable straws made from paper.
[adjective] – made by people using chemicals, not from natural things
These shoes are made with synthetic rubber to last longer.
[noun] – a man-made material used in clothing and fabric
His shirt is made of polyester, so it dries very quickly.
[noun] – the root-like part of a fungus (used to make eco-friendly materials)
Some companies use mycelium to make packaging instead of plastic.
[adjective] – found everywhere or very common
Fast food restaurants are ubiquitous in big cities.
Article reading:
Please read the whole article. Then, I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
A new movement in fashion is focusing on reducing harm to the environment by using biodegradable materials. Caroline Zimbalist, a designer based in New York, is creating dresses made from seaweed, cornstarch, and other natural items. Her handmade designs have been worn by celebrities and aim to show that fashion can exist without depending on oil-based fabrics. Over 60% of clothing today is made from synthetic materials like polyester, which comes from fossil fuels. These materials produce pollution and release microplastics when washed. Well-known brands, including Adidas and Hermes, have started exploring alternative textiles such as those made from mushrooms. The purpose is to find options that cause less damage to the planet and still look attractive.
Some materials, like mycelium leather and corn-based fabric, have already been used in luxury fashion and sportswear. However, experts say these solutions are often more expensive and harder to produce on a large scale. For example, Zimbalist’s fabrics can melt in heat or smell bad if not treated correctly. Despite these problems, designers continue to experiment with innovative solutions. Experts believe these small efforts could influence big brands to change in the future. Companies are also studying how farming methods affect the sustainability of raw materials. While fossil-fuel-based clothing remains ubiquitous, growing interest in new textiles could help reduce waste and pollution over time. The fashion industry is not changing overnight, but early actions may lead to long-term environmental benefits.
Some materials, like mycelium leather and corn-based fabric, have already been used in luxury fashion and sportswear. However, experts say these solutions are often more expensive and harder to produce on a large scale. For example, Zimbalist’s fabrics can melt in heat or smell bad if not treated correctly. Despite these problems, designers continue to experiment with innovative solutions. Experts believe these small efforts could influence big brands to change in the future. Companies are also studying how farming methods affect the sustainability of raw materials. While fossil-fuel-based clothing remains ubiquitous, growing interest in new textiles could help reduce waste and pollution over time. The fashion industry is not changing overnight, but early actions may lead to long-term environmental benefits.
Discussion Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- Have you ever bought clothes made from natural or eco-friendly materials? If so, what kind of clothes were they? If not, would you like to try them in the future? Why or why not?
- Have you ever worn clothes that felt uncomfortable because of the material? If so, what did you do? If not, what kind of fabric do you usually like to wear?
- Do you agree that fashion should focus more on protecting the environment, even if it costs more?
- What do you think is the biggest challenge for making eco-friendly clothes popular around the world?
- What do you think fashion will look like in 20 years if more designers use natural materials?
Summarization
Please summarize the whole article using your own words and expressions. You will have one minute to prepare before you answer.
Describe:
Please explain the definition of each word listed below based on your understanding. You can provide example sentences if needed.
- fashion
- environment
- natural
- fossil fuel
- pollution