Krill fishing in Antarctica has reached a record during the 2024–2025 season, with more than 518,000 tons already harvested by July. This number is about 84 percent of the 620,000-ton limit set by international rules. The large catch may cause an early closure if the maximum is reached soon. Krill, a small crustacean, is essential in the Southern Ocean as food for whales, seals, and penguins. Research showed that krill also remove about 20 million tons of carbon from the air every year, equal to five million cars being taken off the road. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) manages the fishery, but talks in 2024 failed to reach consensus on quotas and protected areas, leaving outdated rules in place.

The rising catch has produced both benefits and concerns. Industry groups insisted that levels remain sustainable, based on scientific studies of the krill population. However, environmental groups voiced strong opposition, saying that intensive activity in narrow zones threatens whales, with some trapped in nets. Experts stressed that krill serve as a bulwark against climate change, making their survival an imperative need. Without stronger conservation, populations may face a precipitous decline, harming the entire ecosystem. The contentious CCAMLR debates show the difficulty of building multilateral agreements while protecting long-term resilience and viability of Antarctic resources.