Florida has more than 1,000 freshwater springs, making them important natural resources in the United States. Most large springs are in central and northern Florida, where they release millions of gallons daily from the Floridan Aquifer, which provides 90 percent of the state’s drinking water. These springs now face growing threats from farm runoff, new development, and climate change. Fertilizers and livestock waste add nitrogen and phosphates, creating algae that reduces biodiversity and threatens clean water. The Florida Springs Council has warned that heavy water pumping and phosphate mining are lowering the natural pressure that keeps water flowing. State spending of about $50 million per year and federal proposals such as a Florida Springs National Park show attempts to protect these ecosystems.

Plans to safeguard the springs include stricter permits for water use and stronger rules on nutrient pollution, though political pressure has slowed progress. Some towns, such as Zephyrhills, have delayed construction to remain within aquifer limits. Local volunteers, including SpringsWatch, conduct monthly water tests and monitor plants and animals. New technologies such as satellites and sensors are also being used to improve conservation. Experts stress that urgent action is indispensable, because algae growth and saltwater intrusion from rising seas may cause faster decline. Without stronger measures, the springs risk losing their ecological vitality and cultural value, while Florida’s water security could be placed in jeopardy.