For thousands of years, tattoos have been cultural symbols and forms of artistic expression, with evidence going back over 5,000 years. Recently, non-invasive laser technology has helped researchers uncover detailed tattoo designs on mummies from Peru’s Chancay culture, which existed around 1250 A.D. before the rise of the Inca Empire. A study of about 100 mummies revealed tattoos mainly on hands, knuckles, and forearms. Four individuals stood out with intricate designs featuring geometric shapes like triangles and diamonds. These tattoos, invisible to the naked eye, were made visible using laser imaging, which causes the skin to glow faintly, enhancing the patterns. This research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, demonstrates how modern technology can reveal ancient cultural artifacts.

These findings go beyond appreciating the artistry of tattoos. Experts believe they offer valuable insights into the cultural practices, social structures, and spiritual beliefs of ancient societies. Michael Pittman from the Chinese University of Hong Kong noted that the craftsmanship of these tattoos rivals modern techniques. Archaeologists like Lars Krutak and Martin Smith highlight that studying tattoos complements other fields, such as pottery, textiles, and stonework, by revealing abstract and symbolic art forms. Non-destructive methods like laser imaging are praised for preserving delicate artifacts, marking a breakthrough in studying historical materials.