A new report from the EAT-Lancet Commission, released on October 1, 2025, stated that about 15 million fatalities each year could be prevented and agricultural emissions could decrease by 15 percent if global populations adopt healthier diets that are mainly plant-based. The study, conducted by international scientists, highlighted that food choices have become central to human health, climate change, and biodiversity. The research concluded that without significant reform in the food system, the worst impacts of climate change would remain unavoidable, even if progress is made in the shift toward cleaner energy. The findings suggested that the recommended “planetary health diet” should emphasize grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts, with limited amounts of animal protein and dairy, while red meat consumption should be restricted to about once a week, particularly in developed nations that contribute disproportionately to greenhouse gas emissions.

The report explained how food production links to biodiversity loss, land use, and water pollution, describing the global food system as a major factor pushing environmental boundaries. Scientists reported that small adjustments in diet could reduce risks of diseases such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular illness, while also mitigating climate pressures. The commission indicated that modest reductions in beef and lamb consumption in wealthier countries could cut emissions equal to the annual total of Russia. Additional improvements such as higher crop productivity and reduced food waste could raise the reduction to 20 percent. Experts regarded the study as a comprehensive analysis of how farming practices, labor conditions, and consumption habits are interconnected, calling the situation a slow awakening to the decisive role of food in planetary sustainability.