Electricity demand is expected to grow much faster than overall energy use in the coming decades, according to the latest report from the International Energy Agency (IEA). The assessment was released during climate discussions in Brazil and describes what changes are happening, when major shifts may occur, where demand is rising most quickly, and why this trend has become a global concern. The IEA states that renewable energy, especially solar power, is expanding at record speed. The report also notes that coal and oil could reach a worldwide peak before 2030. However, another scenario shows that oil and gas demand may continue rising until 2050 because national policies differ across regions. The outlook highlights rapid growth in India, Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America, and China. It also warns that about 730 million people still do not have access to electricity and that nearly one-quarter of the global population continues using inefficient cooking methods that harm health and the environment.

The analysis outlines how countries may respond to these challenges and why stronger long-term action is needed to meet climate goals. The IEA emphasizes the need for major investment in electricity grids, energy storage, and supply chains for critical minerals used in electric vehicles, wind turbines, and solar panels. The report also notes that rising demand from data centers is transforming the energy sector, with global investment expected to reach $580 billion this year. Although renewable technologies are expanding quickly, the outlook warns about uneven policy support and the risk of passing the 1.5°C warming limit.