Scientists have discovered rare naturally mummified cheetah remains inside caves in northern Saudi Arabia, providing strong evidence that the species once lived in the region. The remains were found near the city of Arar and include seven mummified cheetahs, as well as bones from at least fifty-four other individuals. Scientific dating shows that the remains are between about one hundred thirty and more than one thousand eight hundred years old. Researchers described the discovery as unprecedented for the Arabian Peninsula, where large mammals are rarely preserved in such complete condition. The finding helps explain past ecosystems, as cheetahs once lived across Africa and parts of Asia but are no longer found in Arabia due to environmental changes.

The cheetahs were preserved through natural mummification caused by dry conditions and stable cave temperatures, which slowed decay and reduced access by scavengers. Researchers noted that such conditions are unusual for preserving large animals. Modern genetic testing allowed scientists to study ancient DNA from the remains and compare it with modern cheetah populations in Asia and northwest Africa. These genetic links may help researchers better understand cheetah history and population movement. The discovery combines archaeology, genetics, and wildlife research, offering valuable information about long-term biodiversity changes in arid regions.