At-home gut microbiome tests have gained momentum in recent years, promoted as tools that can reveal digestive health, guide lifestyle decisions, and support long-term wellness. Sold online by private companies, these tests typically cost between $100 and $500 and analyze stool samples to identify bacteria living in the intestines. The trend has expanded rapidly as health-conscious consumers seek granular insights into internal health, while patients with chronic digestive issues hope for personalized answers. However, gastroenterologists caution that the scientific foundation behind many of these products remains limited, raising concerns about misinterpretation and unrealistic expectations among users.

The tests work by comparing a person’s bacterial profile against company-defined benchmarks, yet experts emphasize that the gut microbiome is highly heterogeneous and constantly changing. Research has linked certain microbial patterns to diseases such as diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease, but current evidence does not clearly show whether these changes are causes or consequences. As a result, physicians often find the reports difficult to translate into treatment decisions. Despite claims of empowerment, the commercialization of microbiome testing has moved faster than its clinical application. Doctors note that diet adjustments, sleep improvement, and physical activity remain the most reliable ways to support gut health. While testing may satisfy curiosity or contribute to research, specialists advise against major health decisions based solely on these results until stronger evidence and standardized regulation are established.