
Vocabulary:
I will read the words, meanings, and sample sentences. Then, repeat after me.
- disparity /dih-SPAR-i-tee/
[noun] – a clear difference between two things
The report shows a disparity in education quality between different regions. - prestige /pre-STEEZH/
[noun] – respect or admiration that comes from status or reputation
The hotel’s prestige often influences guests more than the quality of its services. - stable /STEY-buhl/
[adjective] – not likely to change suddenly
The system works best when the temperature and pressure remain stable. - formula /FAWR-myuh-luh/
[noun] – a set combination of ingredients or elements made for a specific purpose
Scientists tested a new formula to improve battery performance. - obscure /uhb-SKYOOR/
[verb] – to make something difficult to see or understand
Too much technical language can obscure the main message of the report.
Article Reading:
Please read the whole article. Then, I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
Expensive shampoos and conditioners have become visible since the early 2020s in salons, pharmacies, and online markets across North America and Europe. This trend has created a disparity between premium hair products priced above forty dollars and mass-market options that cost far less. Dermatology studies published in the past decade report that many affordable shampoos clean hair effectively when similar cleansing agents are present. Researchers note that higher prices often reflect marketing costs, bottle design, and smaller production scale rather than superior performance. The topic remains relevant because spending on personal care continues to rise while scientific guidance about hair products remains limited in public discussion.
Hair specialists explain that healthy hair depends mainly on scalp care and daily routines instead of brand prestige. Medical research describes the scalp as a living ecosystem that supports hair growth when oil balance and skin condition remain stable. For hair that is curly, colored, or frequently styled with heat, gentle cleansers help mitigate dryness and breakage. Straight or oily hair often tolerates regular washing with basic formulas. Dermatologists advise consumers to scrutinize ingredient labels, especially when irritation or dandruff occurs. Recent product developments include sulfate-free shampoos and milder preservatives made possible by improved cosmetic technology. Environmental concerns also influence production, as some companies adopt recyclable packaging and sustainable sourcing. Experts emphasize that informed selection and consistent care practices offer more reliable results than purchasing products based only on price, which may obscure value.
Hair specialists explain that healthy hair depends mainly on scalp care and daily routines instead of brand prestige. Medical research describes the scalp as a living ecosystem that supports hair growth when oil balance and skin condition remain stable. For hair that is curly, colored, or frequently styled with heat, gentle cleansers help mitigate dryness and breakage. Straight or oily hair often tolerates regular washing with basic formulas. Dermatologists advise consumers to scrutinize ingredient labels, especially when irritation or dandruff occurs. Recent product developments include sulfate-free shampoos and milder preservatives made possible by improved cosmetic technology. Environmental concerns also influence production, as some companies adopt recyclable packaging and sustainable sourcing. Experts emphasize that informed selection and consistent care practices offer more reliable results than purchasing products based only on price, which may obscure value.
Discussion Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- Have you ever used an expensive shampoo or conditioner? If yes, what made you choose that product? If not, what kind of shampoo do you usually buy, and why?
- Do you usually check the ingredients on hair products before buying them? If yes, which ingredients do you pay attention to, and why? If not, what information do you usually look at instead?
- Do you agree that the price of a shampoo does not always show how well it works?
- Why do you think consumers often trust brand names more than ingredient information when buying hair products?
- What problems might happen if people choose hair products based only on price?
Summarization:
Please summarize the whole article using your own words and expressions. You will have one minute to prepare before you answer.
Describe:
Please explain the definition of each word listed below based on your understanding. You can provide example sentences if needed.
- online market
- dollar
- marketing cost
- personal care
- specialist