Vocabulary:
I will read the words, meanings, and sample sentences. Then, repeat after me.
- microbial /mai-KROW-bee-uhl/
- stubble /STUHB-uhl/
- compost /KOM-pohst/
- neurological /noo-ruh-LAA-ji-kl/
- chronic /KRON-ik/
[adjective] – relating to or characteristic of a microorganism, especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation
Uncooked food may lead to health risks due to microbial contamination.
[noun] – the short stems left after a crop such as wheat has been cut
Stubble burning has been one of the major contributors to air pollution.
[noun] – decaying plant material that is added to soil to improve its quality
Several restaurants have started collecting compost to help farmers.
[adjective] – relating to nerves
Epilepsy is an example of a neurological disorder.
[adjective] – (especially of a disease or something bad) continuing for a long time
The condition may become chronic unless she seeks medical help immediately.
Article reading:
Please read the whole article. Then, I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
Engineer and COO of a digital platform for sustainable agricultural solutions Dhruv Sawhney has advised Indian farmers to test a new organic microbial spray created by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR) in Delhi to reduce air pollution caused by stubble burning. According to ICAR director Ashok Kumar Singh, the Pusa Decomposer contains seven different species of fungus that are naturally present in the soil. These fungal species were discovered to be particularly successful in decomposing the stubble for energy and nutrients after numerous lab tests. This microbial spray would eradicate the stubble that remained in the fields after paddy harvesting entirely and quickly. After three weeks, the old stubble would blend into the soil and act as compost for the following planting season.
According to the data published in the 2021 World Air Quality Report, India has 21 of the world’s 30 cities with the worst levels of air pollution. New Delhi has the country’s highest level of harmful air pollution and had, by far, the worst year-round average for PM2.5 pollution of any capital city in the world. Consequences of stubble burning include skin and eye irritation, severe neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory disorders, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis, lung capacity reduction, emphysema, cancer, and increased death rates. Outdoor air pollution kills approximately 4.2 million individuals each year around the world.
According to the data published in the 2021 World Air Quality Report, India has 21 of the world’s 30 cities with the worst levels of air pollution. New Delhi has the country’s highest level of harmful air pollution and had, by far, the worst year-round average for PM2.5 pollution of any capital city in the world. Consequences of stubble burning include skin and eye irritation, severe neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory disorders, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis, lung capacity reduction, emphysema, cancer, and increased death rates. Outdoor air pollution kills approximately 4.2 million individuals each year around the world.
Discussion Questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- Do you know of any anti-pollution programs in your city/country? Please tell me more about them.
- What do you do every day that you think adds to pollution?
- Would you recommend the organic microbial spray by the ICAR? Why or why not?
- Is it possible for the Indian citizens (New Dehli in particular) to recover from the illnesses caused by stubble burning?
- Why do you think India’s government struggles to solve the country’s air pollution issues?
Summarization
Please summarize the whole article using your own words and expressions. You will have one minute to prepare before you answer.
Describe:
Please explain the definition of each word listed below based on your understanding. You can provide example sentences if needed.
- sustainable
- species
- eradicate
- consequence
- asthma