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Pre-reading questions:
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- What is dementia?
- What do you understand about the terms ‘acid reflux’ or ‘heartburn’?
Vocabulary:
I will read the words, meanings, and sample sentences. Then, repeat after me.
- risk /risk/
- potential /puh-TEN-shuhl/
- significantly /sig-NIF-i-kuhnt-lee/
- alternative /awl-TUR-nuh-tiv/
- extended /ik-STEN-did/
[noun] – the possibility of something bad happening
The decision to climb the mountain involved a significant element of risk due to the challenging conditions.
[adjective] – possible when the necessary conditions exist
The technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we communicate.
[adverb] – in a way that is easy to see or by a large amount
The new marketing strategy has significantly increased the company’s online visibility.
[adjective] – An alternative plan or method is one that you can use if you do not want to use another one
He offered an alternative solution to the problem that hadn’t been considered before.
[adjective] – long or longer than usual
Due to the extended meeting, the employees had to work late into the evening.
Article reading:
Please read the whole article. Then, I will check your pronunciation and intonation.
Many Americans rely on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to manage heartburn and acid reflux. However, recent research has linked these drugs to increased risks of kidney failure, stroke, premature death, and possibly dementia. A study published in the Neurology journal suggests that individuals aged 45 and above who have used PPIs for more than four years have a 33% higher risk of developing dementia compared to non-users.
The study, which observed over 5,700 participants aged 45 to 64 without dementia at the start, highlights the potential connection between prolonged PPI use and dementia risk. PPIs reduce stomach acid and are commonly used to address acid reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Although available over the counter, they are associated with health concerns. While the study doesn’t definitively prove a direct cause-and-effect relationship, it underscores the importance of further investigation. The research found that participants using PPIs for more than 4.4 years had a significantly elevated risk of dementia. Despite the study’s limitations, such as its reliance on once-a-year medication reporting, it suggests that those using PPIs long-term should consider discussing alternatives with a doctor. Options like antacids, H2 blockers, dietary adjustments, and weight loss might provide viable solutions. The study underscores the need for caution and consultation when using PPIs for an extended period.
The study, which observed over 5,700 participants aged 45 to 64 without dementia at the start, highlights the potential connection between prolonged PPI use and dementia risk. PPIs reduce stomach acid and are commonly used to address acid reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Although available over the counter, they are associated with health concerns. While the study doesn’t definitively prove a direct cause-and-effect relationship, it underscores the importance of further investigation. The research found that participants using PPIs for more than 4.4 years had a significantly elevated risk of dementia. Despite the study’s limitations, such as its reliance on once-a-year medication reporting, it suggests that those using PPIs long-term should consider discussing alternatives with a doctor. Options like antacids, H2 blockers, dietary adjustments, and weight loss might provide viable solutions. The study underscores the need for caution and consultation when using PPIs for an extended period.
Comprehension questions
I will read each question. Then, please answer them based on the article.
- What are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) commonly used for?
- What recent research findings have raised concerns about the use of PPIs?
- How does the study published in the Neurology journal suggest PPIs are linked to dementia risk?
- Who were the participants in the study, and what was the age group observed?
- What alternative options are suggested for individuals using PPIs long-term?
Discussion questions
I will read each question. Then, please answer them.
- Have you or someone you know ever had acid reflux or heartburn? What’s the common way people in your country treat these symptoms?
- Have you taken proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for heartburn or acid reflux? How did they work for you? If not, have you heard about PPIs and their potential risks?
- Do you think the recent study’s suggestion of a connection between long-term PPI use and a higher risk of dementia raises concerns about using these medications for a long time?
- What could influence someone to try other options instead of PPIs?
- How can healthcare providers, drug companies, and regulatory bodies help ensure the safety of people who take these medications?