Millions of Americans turn to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) daily for treating heartburn and acid reflux. Recent findings have associated these drugs with heightened risks of kidney failure, stroke, and premature death. A new study also proposes a potential link between prolonged PPI use and a higher risk of dementia, specifically for those aged 45 and above.

The research, published in the Neurology journal, reveals that individuals taking PPIs for more than four years face a 33% increased risk of developing dementia compared to non-users. However, it’s crucial to understand that dementia is a broad term encompassing memory loss and cognitive decline stemming from brain cell damage. PPIs work by reducing stomach acid production, commonly addressing acid reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms. While available over the counter, they are linked to these health concerns. The study doesn’t definitively establish a causal relationship between PPIs and dementia but underscores the need for further research. The study analyzed over 5,700 participants aged 45 to 64 without dementia at the study’s commencement. Over a quarter of them took PPIs during the study period. Adjusting for variables like age, sex, and health conditions, researchers found that participants who took PPIs for more than 4.4 years had a significantly higher risk of dementia. While the study has limitations, including its reliance on once-a-year medication-use reporting, it suggests that for those on PPIs for extended periods, consulting a doctor for alternatives is wise. Antacids, H2 blockers, dietary changes, and weight loss could offer solutions.