In recent years, invasive fish species have become a serious concern for coastal fishing communities in the eastern Mediterranean. The issue has been reported most clearly around Cyprus, where warmer sea temperatures and human-made waterways have changed marine conditions. Since the 2010s, species such as lionfish and silver-cheeked toadfish have entered Mediterranean waters from the Red Sea. Scientists link this movement to rising sea temperatures and the expansion of the Suez Canal, which allows new species to travel more easily. Marine researchers warn that this process may exacerbate pressure on native fish populations that support local fisheries. Surveys conducted by regional fisheries departments show a sharp decline in traditional catch species near Larnaca, a coastal city once known for rich fishing grounds. This development threatens economic stability for professional fishermen and raises concerns about long-term food security in the region.

Efforts to respond to the problem focus on control rather than removal. European programs offer incentives for catching toxic toadfish, which are removed to slow population growth. These actions aim to mitigate damage to fishing equipment and reduce losses. Another approach targets the proliferation of lionfish through removal by divers in reefs and protected areas. Research suggests repeated removal can help native species remain resilient. A development involves promoting lionfish as a food option after proper preparation, which may support a more sustainable fishing model. Fisheries specialists state that acceptance of invasive species as food could reduce harm and support economies.